Motar alloy ƙafafun:

A cikin masana'antar kera motoci, ƙafafun alloy ƙafafu ne waɗanda aka yi daga gami na aluminum ko magnesium.Alloys gauraye ne na ƙarfe da sauran abubuwa.Gabaɗaya suna ba da ƙarfi mafi girma akan tsaftataccen ƙarfe, waɗanda galibi sun fi laushi kuma sun fi ductile.Alloys na aluminium ko magnesium yawanci sun fi sauƙi don ƙarfi iri ɗaya, suna samar da mafi kyawun yanayin zafi, kuma galibi suna samar da ingantattun bayyanar kayan kwalliya akan ƙafafun karfe.Ko da yake karfe, kayan da aka fi amfani da shi wajen samar da dabaran, shine gami da baƙin ƙarfe da carbon, kalmar “alloy wheel” galibi ana tanadar ta ne don ƙafafun da aka yi daga allura maras ƙarfe.

Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙafafu na iya inganta mu'amala ta hanyar rage yawan jama'a, ba da izinin dakatarwa don bin ƙasa sosai kuma don haka inganta riko, duk da haka ba duk ƙafafun alloy ba ne masu sauƙi fiye da daidai karfen su.Rage yawan yawan abin hawa na iya taimakawa wajen rage yawan mai.

Ingantacciyar tafiyar zafi da ƙirar dabaran buɗe ido na iya taimakawa wajen watsar da zafi daga birki, wanda ke haɓaka aikin birki a cikin ƙarin yanayin tuƙi da kuma rage yuwuwar raguwar aikin birki ko ma gazawa saboda zafi fiye da kima.

Hakanan ana siyan ƙafafun galo don dalilai na kwaskwarima ko da yake mafi arha gami da ake amfani da su yawanci ba su da juriya.Alloys suna ba da damar yin amfani da ƙarancin ƙarfe mai ban sha'awa, amma waɗannan suna buƙatar rufe su da fenti ko murfi.Ko da an kiyaye haka ƙafafun da ake amfani da su za su fara lalacewa bayan shekaru 3 zuwa 5 amma yanzu ana samun gyare-gyare a farashi.Ayyukan masana'antu kuma suna ba da damar ƙirƙira, ƙira mai ƙarfi.Sabanin haka, ƙafafun karfe yawanci ana danna su daga karfen takarda, sannan a haɗa su tare (sau da yawa suna barin ƙugiya marasa kyau) kuma dole ne a fentin su don guje wa lalata da/ko ɓoye tare da murfin dabaran.

Alloy ƙafafun sun fi tsada don samarwa fiye da daidaitattun ƙafafun ƙarfe, don haka sau da yawa ba a haɗa su azaman kayan aiki na yau da kullun ba, a maimakon haka ana tallata su azaman ƙara-kan zaɓi ko a zaman wani ɓangare na fakitin datsa tsada.Koyaya, ƙafafun gami sun zama ruwan dare gama gari tun shekara ta 2000, yanzu ana ba da su akan tattalin arziƙi da motoci marasa ƙarfi, idan aka kwatanta da shekaru goma da suka gabata inda ƙafafun alloy galibi ba zaɓin masana'anta akan motoci masu tsada ba.An daɗe ana haɗa ƙafafun alloy azaman kayan aiki na yau da kullun akan kayan alatu masu tsada ko motocin motsa jiki, tare da manyan ƙafafu masu girma ko “keɓaɓɓu” zaɓin zaɓi.Yawan tsadar tafukan alloy yana sa su zama abin sha'awa ga barayi;don magance wannan, masu kera motoci da dillalai sukan yi amfani da goro na kulle wanda ke buƙatar maɓalli na musamman don cirewa.

Yawancin ƙafafun alloy ana kera su ne ta amfani da simintin gyare-gyare, amma wasu na jabu ne.Ƙafafunan jabu yawanci suna da sauƙi, sun fi ƙarfi, amma sun fi na simintin gyaran kafa.Akwai nau'i biyu na jabun ƙafafu: guda ɗaya da na zamani.Modular jabun ƙafafu na iya haɗawa da ƙira guda biyu ko uku.Hannun ƙafafun ƙafafu masu yawa sun ƙunshi gindin bakin ciki, leɓen baki na waje da yanki na tsakiya tare da buɗewa don goro.Dukkan sassan dabaran dabaran ana riƙe su tare da kusoshi.Rayone KS001 yana ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun ƙayatattun ƙafafu na jabu misali.

Ana samun zaɓi mai girma na ƙafafu na alloy ga masu motoci waɗanda ke son mafi sauƙi, mafi kyawun gani, ƙarancin ƙarfi, da/ko manyan ƙafafun akan motocinsu.Ko da yake maye gurbin daidaitaccen dabaran karfe da haɗin taya tare da ƙafafun gami masu sauƙi da yuwuwar ƙananan tayoyin bayanan martaba na iya haifar da haɓaka aiki da sarrafawa, wannan ba lallai ba ne lokacin da ake ƙara manyan ƙafafun aiki.Binciken da Mota da Direba suka gudanar ta amfani da zaɓin nau'ikan ƙafafun gami daban-daban daga 15 ”zuwa 21” a cikin (38,1cm zuwa ca. 53,34 cm) duk waɗanda aka sanye da irin wannan taya da ƙirar taya ya nuna cewa duka haɓakawa da tattalin arzikin mai. sha wahala tare da manyan ƙafafun.Har ila yau, sun lura cewa jin daɗin hawan hawa da hayaniya sun yi mummunan tasiri ga manyan ƙafafun.

Hanyoyin samarwa:

Ƙirƙiraza a iya yi ta daya ko Multi-mataki tsari ƙirƙira daga daban-daban magnesium gami, mafi yawanci AZ80, ZK60 (MA14 a Rasha).Ƙafafun da aka samar ta wannan hanya yawanci suna da ƙarfi da ductility fiye da ƙafafun aluminum, kodayake farashin ya fi girma.

Babban matsa lamba mutu simintin (HPDC).Wannan tsari yana amfani da mutun da aka shirya a cikin babban injin da ke da ƙarfin rufewa don manne mutun a rufe.Ana zuba narkar da magnesium a cikin bututun mai da ake kira harbin hannu.Piston yana tura karfe a cikin mutu tare da babban sauri da matsa lamba, magnesium yana ƙarfafawa kuma an buɗe mutu kuma an saki motar.Ƙafafun da aka samar ta wannan hanya na iya ba da ragi a farashi da haɓaka juriya na lalata amma ba su da ƙarancin ductile kuma suna da ƙananan ƙarfi saboda yanayin HPDC.

LPDC (LPDC).Wannan tsari yawanci yana amfani da mutuƙar ƙarfe, an shirya shi sama da crucible cike da narkakken magnesium.Mafi yawanci ana rufe crucible a kan mutu kuma ana amfani da matsi na iska / murfin gas don tilasta narkakkar karfe sama da bututu mai kama da bambaro cikin mutu.Lokacin da aka sarrafa su ta amfani da mafi kyawun hanyoyin aiwatarwa ƙafafun LPDC na iya ba da haɓakawa a cikin ductility akan ƙafafun HDC magnesium da kowane simintin aluminum, sun kasance ƙasa da ductile fiye da jabun magnesium.

Simintin nauyi.Ƙafafunan simintin ƙarfe na magnesium na nauyi suna cikin samarwa tun farkon shekarun 1920 kuma suna ba da kyawu mai kyau, da kaddarorin dangi sama da abin da za a iya yi da simintin aluminum.Farashin kayan aiki na ƙafafun simintin nauyi suna cikin mafi arha na kowane tsari.Wannan ya ba da izinin samar da ƙaramin tsari, sassauci a cikin ƙira da ɗan gajeren lokacin haɓakawa.